Absolute advantage

is an advantage in production of certain goods or services some country has over the others due to peculiarities of climate, education, labour resources and other factors. If a country has an absolute advantage in certain industries, it can produce corresponding goods and services at a lower cost per unit, than competitors.

Account

a special personal account opened with the company by a client. This account is used to offset the obligations of the client and dealer, resulting from the deals concluded under the present agreement

Account history

a full list of completed transactions and non-trading operations of a certain trading account

Accounting currency

currency unit in which deposit/withdrawal operations are performed

Adviser

a trading account management algorithm in a form of a program engineered in MetaQuotes Language 4, that sends requests and orders to the server via the client terminal (platform)

AMIEU

stands for Australian Meat Industry Employees’ Union. The union represents the interests of workers in the meat industry.

Angela Merkel

is a German politician, a leader of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany since April 10, 2000. Angela Merkel has been the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany since November 22, 2005, when her party won the 2005 federal election. Merkel is the first woman to have become Chancellor of Germany.

Annual inflation

is the increasing of the overall prices for goods and services during the period of one calendar year.

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)

is a forum of 21 Asia-Pacific countries that seeks to promote free trade, investment liberalisation and facilitation across the region, as well as to foster economic growth and strengthen the Asia-Pacific community.

Ask

is the offer price; the price at which a seller is willing to sell the base currency.

AК&M

is an information and analytical agency focused on economics. AК&M was created in 1990. It has long been a leading informational portal in the field of economics and finance.

Balance

the total financial result of all fully executed transactions and deposits/withdrawals to/from an account

Balance of payments

shows the balance of a country’s overseas payments and payments incoming from abroad over a certain period of time.

Bank Stress Test

is a compulsory condition for high estimation of the risk management system under the Direction of the Central Bank of Russia dd. January 16, 2004 No 1379 U “On assessment of the financial stability of the bank with the purpose to confirm it as sufficient for participating in the deposit insurance system”.

Barrel

is a unit of liquid volume which is used on international oil market. Price for basic oil brands is estimated in dollars per barrel.

Base currency

currency unit in which an account, balances, commission fees and payments are nominated and calculated

Bear

is the market participant who opens sell trades and believes that a currency exchange rate is about to fall.

BHP Billiton

is the world’s largest mining company founded in 2011 with headquarters in Melbourne.

Bid

is the demand price; the price at which a market participant is willing to buy the base currency.

Bloomberg

is an American mass media corporation which provides a range of informational services from world finance platforms.

Bloomberg Banks Stress Test Index

tracks the US banks whose balance sheets will be reviewed by US regulators to see how much capital the banks will require to meet the standards in the current economic environment. Tests would be applied to banks posessing over $100 billion in assets.

BNP Paribas

is a financial conglomerate, one of the world’s largest and reliable banks. According to Standard & Poor’s the bank’s current rating is AA. It has offices in 80 countries all over the world and headquarters in Paris, Geneva, and London with the total amount of employees totaling 200 thousands of people.

Brent

is a standard oil brand which is sourced near the European shoreline in the North Sea. This brand is famous for low percentage of sulfur which makes it attractive for oil-processing companies. Brent is a pricing benchmark for almost 40% of all global oil brands. It is traded on international oil markets.

Broker

the firm that provides crediting services and trader support

Brokerage

is the fee or commission paid to a broker for the services rendered. The amount of the brokerage is usually proportionate to the deals’ value